Portraits, Officers

: A council of war at Massaponax Church, VA., 21st May, 1864. Gen. Grant and Meade, Asst. Sec. of War, Dana, and their staff officers; Stereograph: Group of generals seated on wooden benches relaxing and consulting a map, wagons in the background., Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822-July 23, 1885) Graduated from West Point in June 1843 and served with Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War from 1845-1847. Grant resigned from the Army in April 1854 and rejoined the Army in 1860 at the outset of the Civil War by organizing a volunteer infantry company in Galena, Illinois. In 1862 he was promoted to the rank of Major General. Following Grant's capture of Vicksburg in 1863, Tennessee, Lincoln promoted him to the rank of lieutenant general and appointed him general in chief of all Union armies. After the Civil War, he served as interim Secretary of War under President Andrew Johnson from 1867 to 1868. Grant was elected President of the United States in 1868 and was reelected in 1872. George Meade (31 Dec. 1815-6 Nov. 1872) Graduated from West Point in 1835. At the outset of the Civil War, he accepted a commission as brigadier general of volunteers with the Union Army. He was put in command of the Army of the Potomac by Abraham Lincoln in 1863. He is best known for defeating Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, for which he received the official Thanks of Congress.

: Brig. Gen. Abram Duryea [Duryée], Col. 7th Regt. N.Y.; Stereograph: Portrait of Abram Duryée, Abram Duryée (April 29, 1815-September 27, 1890) General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who led a Zouave regiment, the 5th New York Volunteer Infantry. After the Civil War, he served as New York City Police Commissioner.

: Brig. Gen. Crawford and staff; Stereograph: Studio portrait of General Crawford and staff., Samuel Wylie Crawford (November 8, 1829-November 3, 1892) Was the surgeon on duty at Fort Sumter, South Carolina, during the�Confederate�bombardment in 1861. Crawford is most well-known for his participation in the Battle of Gettysburg. Crawford was also prominent in the preservation of the Gettysburg Battlefield.

: Brig. Gen. Gordon; Stereograph: Portrait of Brig. Gen. Gordon., George Henry Gordon (July 19, 1823-August 30, 1886) General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who served in the Army of the Potomac, the Department of the South, and the Department of Virginia. Practiced law in Boston after the Civil War.

: Brig. Gen. K. Smith; Stereograph: Bust pose of General Smith, facing left of frame., Thomas Kilby Smith (September 23, 1820-December 14, 1887) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who led a�brigade�and then a division�in the�Army of the Tennessee�in several of the most significant campaigns of the�Western Theater and attained the rank of brigadier general.

: Brig. Gen. O.O. Howard. [Stereograph]; Stereograph: Portrait of General Oliver Otis Howard., Oliver Otis Howard (8 Nov. 1830-26 Oct. 1909) Graduated from West Point in 1854. Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who ultimately attained the rank of major general. Received the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Fair Oaks. He succeeded James McPherson as commander of the Army of the Tennessee.

: Brig. Gen. Sweeney [Sweeny]; Stereograph: Portrait of General Thomas William Sweeny, face turned to profile ., Thomas William Sweeny (December 25, 1820-April 10, 1892) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who served as a brigadier general for the Indian Home Guard, a brigade he assisted in organizing. He gained praise for defending a gap in the Union line during the Battle of Shiloh.

: Capt. Bates' quarters, headquarters 3d Army Corps, Army Potomac, April, 1864; Stereograph: Capt. Bates seated outside small log building.

: Col. Corcoran and staff, of the gallant 69th; Stereograph: Officers standing outside a tent., Roche is attributed as creator based on information from the book, Anthony: the man, the company, the camera. An American Photographic Pioneer.

: Col. Duryee and staff at head quarters, Camp Butler, near Fortress Monroe, Va. No. 2.; Stereograph: Group portrait of Col. Duryée and staff on the porch of headquarters., Abram Duryée (April 29, 1815-September 27, 1890) General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who led a Zouave regiment, the 5th New York Volunteer Infantry. After the Civil War, he served as New York City Police Commissioner.

: Col. Strang, Quartermaster; Stereograph: Col. Strang working at table outside a tent., No subject heading could be found for Col. John R. Strang

: Com. J.L. Worden; Stereograph: Portrait of Commander Worden, who was in command of the 'Monitor' when it captured the 'Merrimac.'

: Com. John Rogers [sic], U.S.N.; Stereograph: Portrait of Commander John Rodgers., John Rodgers (12 Aug. 1812-5 May 1882) Officer in the Union Navy during the U.S. Civil War, attaining the rank of commodore during the war. Rodgers helped cover McClellan's withdrawal to Harrison's Landing and later his evacuation of the peninsula.�He later gained recognition for defeating the Confederate ironclad ram�Atlanta.

: Gen'l Marcy and friends at headquarters Army of the Potomac, 4th October, 1862. [Stereograph]; Stereograph: General Marcy and others, including civilians, in front of tent at the headquarters of the Army of the Potomac., Randolph B. Marcy (April 9, 1812-November 22, 1887) Graduated from West Point Military Academy in 1832. Well known for writing the Prairie Traveler in 1859, a frontier guidebook published by the U.S. Government. At the beginning of the Civil War Marcy served as chief of staff for General McClellan, his son-in-law, and was Inspector-General of the U. S. Army at the end of the war.

: Gen'l Patrick and staff, near Bealton, Va., September, 1863; Stereograph: Gen'l Patrick and staff, in front of tent camouflaged with greenery, near Bealton, Va., September, 1863., Marsena Rudolph Patrick (11 Mar. 1811-27 July 1888) Graduated from West Point in 1835. Prior to the Civil War, he served as the President of the�New York State Agricultural College. During the Civil War, he was an officer in the United States Army, serving as a general in the�Union volunteer forces. He was appointed provost marshal general of the Army of the Potomac by General McClellan in 1862. In 1864 General Grant appointed him provost marshal of all Union armies operating against Richmond. He was later charged with establishing order in the fallen city of Richmond.

: Gen'l Pleasonton, September, 1863; Stereograph: Portrait of General Alfred Pleasonton. Inscribed on verso: 'In charge of all the Cavalry at Gettysburg.', Alfred Pleasonton (7 June 1824-17 Feb. 1897) Cavalry officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War. He commanded the�Cavalry Corps�of the�Army of the Potomac�during the�Gettysburg Campaign and engaged�J.�E.�B. Stuart's Confederate cavalry in the largest cavalry action of the war at Brandy Station, Virginia. He also played a prominent role in the October 1864 engagements that inflicted a decisive defeat on Confederate General Sterling Price.

: Gen. Custer at his headquarters; Stereograph: Custer seated outside tent, with dog at his feet., George Armstrong Custer (5 Dec. 1839-25 June 1876) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who attained the rank of brevet major general. He was present at General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Custer is best known for being defeated and killed at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876.

: Gen. Ferrero and staff, Petersburg, Va.; Stereograph: Group of officers, including Gen. Edward Ferrero, standing on stairs in front of building, columns decorated with bunting., Edward Ferrero (January 18, 1831 -December 11, 1899) General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who fought at the Second Battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and the sieges of Vicksburg and Petersburg.

: Gen. G.A. Custer; Stereograph: Oval portrait of Custer, looking to his right., George Armstrong Custer (5 Dec. 1839-25 June 1876) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who attained the rank of brevet major general. He was present at General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Custer is best known for being defeated and killed at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876.

: Gen. G.H. Thomas, (the Rock of Chickamauga.'); Stereograph: Portrait of Gen. G.H. Thomas., George Henry Thomas (31 July 1816-28 Mar. 1870) Graduated from West Point in 1840. Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who ultimately attained the rank of major general. Well known for destroying General�John B. Hood's Army of the Tennessee, resulting in demoralization of the Confederacy in the western theater of war. This accomplishment garnered Thomas the official thanks of Congress and the nickname 'Sledge of Nashville.'

: Gen. Heintzelman and staff, Harrison's Landing, Aug., 1862; Stereograph: General Heintzelman and staff seated or kneeling on ground, Samuel Peter Heintzelman (September 30, 1805-May 1, 1880) General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who commanded the III Corps of the Army of the Potomac during in the Peninsula Campaign. In 1862, he was assigned to the defense of Washington, D.C. in command of the Department of Washington. For the remainder of the war he commanded the Northern Department.

: Gen. John A. Dix; Stereograph: Portrait of Dix who is famous for his order, 'If any man pulls down the American Flag shoot him on the spot.', John Adams Dix (24 July 1798-21 Apr. 1879) Prior to the Civil War, Dix served as U.S. Senator from New York from 1845 to 1849 and U.S. Secretary of the Treasury from January to March of 1861. Served as a major general in the Union Army during the Civil War and is known for arresting the Maryland legislature, preventing the state from seceding, and arranging a prisoner exchange system with a Confederate major general. After the Civil War, Dix served as the 24th Governor of New York.

: Gen. Phil. Keanery [Kearny]. Photograph taken in 1862; Stereograph: Portrait of Gen. Phil. Kearny., Philip Kearny (1 June 1814-1 Sept. 1862) Served with French military from 1839 to 1844, where he was awarded the Cross of the Legion of Honor. Upon his return to the United States, Kearny served on the staff of the U.S. Army's commander in chief, Winfield Scott. At the beginning of the Civil War, he received commission as brigadier general as part of the Union Army. Kearny was killed near Chantilly, Va. during the Union Army's retreat following Second Manassas.

: Gen. Robert Anderson (Major at Sumter); Stereograph: Portrait of General Robert Anderson, Major at Fort Sumter. Inscribed on mount beneath image: 'Anderson, hero of Sumter' and on back 'Gen. Robert Anderson ('Major' at Sumter.)', Robert Anderson (14 June 1805-26 Oct. 1871) Commanding officer of Union Army forces at Fort Sumter during the secession of the Southern states. Anderson was The Union's first hero of the Civil War, and was promoted to the position of brigadier general. Anderson retired on 27 October 1863 and was replaced by William Tecumseh Sherman.

: Gen. W.T. Sherman, ('Old Tecumseh'); Stereograph: Portrait of General William Tecumseh Sherman., William Tecumseh Sherman (8 Feb. 1820-14 Feb. 1891) Became the military governor of Memphis when the Union Army captured it in 1862. He became commander of the Department of the Army of the Tennessee in 1863 when General Grant took command of the West. When Grant was made general in chief of all Union armies in March 1864, Sherman became commander of the Military Division of the Mississippi, head of all military operations in the West. Well known for his philosophy of psychological warfare and property destruction, with his soldiers living off the land and destroying anything associated with slavery and the Confederate war effort across Georgia and the Carolinas.

: General Benj. F. Butler and staff; Stereograph: General Butler and staff in dress uniforms, civilians in the background. Inscribed on verso: 'General Benj. F. Butler and Staff. Presented to the New York Historical Society by Sydney H. Carney, Jr., March 27, 1940.', Benjamin Franklin Butler (5 Nov. 1818-11 Jan. 1893) Elected to the Massachusetts state senate in 1858 and served as a delegate to the Democratic convention in Charleston in 1860. Butler served as a general in the Massachusetts state militia prior to the Civil War and was appointed brigadier commanding general of the Massachusetts militia by the Governor when the War began. In April 1862, Butler captured and controlled New Orleans, Louisiana until being recalled by President Lincoln in December of 1862. After the Civil War, Butler was elected from Essex County to the House of Representatives in November 1866 and reelected in 1868. He was elected Governor of Massachusetts in 1880 as a Democrat.

: General Grant's Council of War; Stereograph: Group of generals seated on wooden benches relaxing and consulting a map, wagons in the background., Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822-July 23, 1885) Graduated from West Point in June 1843 and served with Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War from 1845-1847. Grant resigned from the Army in April 1854 and rejoined the Army in 1860 at the outset of the Civil War by organizing a volunteer infantry company in Galena, Illinois. In 1862 he was promoted to the rank of Major General. Following Grant's capture of Vicksburg in 1863, Tennessee, Lincoln promoted him to the rank of lieutenant general and appointed him general in chief of all Union armies. After the Civil War, he served as interim Secretary of War under President Andrew Johnson from 1867 to 1868. Grant was elected President of the United States in 1868 and was reelected in 1872. George Meade (31 Dec. 1815-6 Nov. 1872) Graduated from West Point in 1835. At the outset of the Civil War, he accepted a commission as brigadier general of volunteers with the Union Army. He was put in command of the Army of the Potomac by Abraham Lincoln in 1863. He is best known for defeating Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, for which he received the official Thanks of Congress.

: General Patrick (Provost Marshal General Army Potomac) and staff, Culpepper [sic], November, 1863; Stereograph: General Patrick and staff seated on a porch, Culpeper, Va.., Marsena Rudolph Patrick (11 Mar. 1811-27 July 1888) Graduated from West Point in 1835. Prior to the Civil War, he served as the President of the�New York State Agricultural College. During the Civil War, he was an officer in the United States Army, serving as a general in the�Union volunteer forces. He was appointed provost marshal general of the Army of the Potomac by General McClellan in 1862. In 1864 General Grant appointed him provost marshal of all Union armies operating against Richmond. He was later charged with establishing order in the fallen city of Richmond.

: Group, Gen'ls Barry, Slocum, Newton, Franklin, and friends, May 14, 1862; Stereograph: Group portrait of Union generals, child seated in the foreground., Henry Warner Slocum (24 Sept. 1826-14 Apr. 1894) A Civil War general who participated in many major battles such as The First Battle of Bull Run and The Battle of Gettysburg. Following Gettysburg, Slocum moved to the Western Theatre of war.

: Group, Gen. Marcy and friends, at Camp Winfield Scott, near Yorktown, May 2, 1862; Stereograph: General Marcy and others, including civilians, posed for a group portrait., Randolph B. Marcy (April 9, 1812-November 22, 1887) Graduated from West Point Military Academy in 1832. Well known for writing the Prairie Traveler in 1859, a frontier guidebook published by the U.S. Government. At the beginning of the Civil War Marcy served as chief of staff for General McClellan, his son-in-law, and was Inspector-General of the U. S. Army at the end of the war.

: Group, Gibson and staff; Stereograph: Officers standing around a cannon at Fair Oaks. Inscribed on label: 'Fair Oaks, May 31', and on verso below label: 'Fair Oaks, May 31-June1, 1862.

: Group, Major Robertson and friends; Stereograph: Group portrait of Major Robertson and other soldiers, each with sword, standing next to cannon. Inscribed on verso: 'Outstanding at Fair Oaks'

: Lieut. Gen'l Ulysses S. Grant, Com. in Chief Armies of U.S.; Stereograph: Portrait of Ulysses S. Grant., Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822-July 23, 1885) Graduated from West Point in June 1843 and served with Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War from 1845-1847. Grant resigned from the Army in April 1854 and rejoined the Army in 1860 at the outset of the Civil War by organizing a volunteer infantry company in Galena, Illinois. In 1862 he was promoted to the rank of Major General. Following Grant's capture of Vicksburg in 1863, Tennessee, Lincoln promoted him to the rank of lieutenant general and appointed him general in chief of all Union armies. After the Civil War, he served as interim Secretary of War under President Andrew Johnson from 1867 to 1868. Grant was elected President of the United States in 1868 and was reelected in 1872.

: Lieut. Gen. Winfield Scott. U.S.A.; Stereograph: Winfield Scott, seated on porch, holding sword., Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786-May 29, 1866) served as a General in the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, and the American Civil War on the Union side. A member of the Whig party, he ran an unsuccessful campaign for as the Whig nominee for President of the United States in 1852.

: Lieut. General U.S. Grant hero of a grateful nation; Stereograph: Portrait of General Ulysses Grant, Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822-July 23, 1885) Graduated from West Point in June 1843 and served with Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War from 1845-1847. Grant resigned from the Army in April 1854 and rejoined the Army in 1860 at the outset of the Civil War by organizing a volunteer infantry company in Galena, Illinois. In 1862 he was promoted to the rank of Major General. Following Grant's capture of Vicksburg in 1863, Tennessee, Lincoln promoted him to the rank of lieutenant general and appointed him general in chief of all Union armies. After the Civil War, he served as interim Secretary of War under President Andrew Johnson from 1867 to 1868. Grant was elected President of the United States in 1868 and was reelected in 1872.

: Lieut. W.D. [sic] Cushing, U.S.N.; Stereograph: Studio portrait of Lieut. William Barker Cushing, U.S.N., Title on stereograph and description incorrectly identify subject William Barker Cushing as W.D. Cushing. William Barker Cushing (4 Nov. 1842-17 Dec. 1874) An officer in the U.S. Navy who fought for the Union during the Civil War. He is best known for sinking the Confederate ironclad CSS Albemarle in a night raid in 1864, for which he received the Thanks of Congress

: Lieut. Wheeler from Berkshire, Samuel Williams, attendant; Stereograph: Two women and military officers standing outside a tent. Inscribed on verso of stereograph, 'Lieut.-Wheeler from Berkshire and Samuel Williams, attendant., Joseph Wheeler (10 Sept. 1836-25 Jan. 1906) Graduated from West Point in 1859. Officer in the Confederate Army during the U.S. Civil War who served as a cavalry general. Wheeler became the Confederacy's senior cavalry officer following the death of General J. E. B. Stuart. He operated primarily in Tennessee After the Civil War, Wheeler was elected numerous time from Alabama to the United States House of Representatives as a Democrat.

: Lt. Washington, a Confederate prisoner, and Capt. Custer, U.S.A.; Stereograph: J.B. Washington, with George A. Custer, a classmate at West Point, after his capture at Fair Oaks., George Armstrong Custer (5 Dec. 1839-25 June 1876) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who attained the rank of brevet major general. He was present at General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Custer is best known for being defeated and killed at the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876.

: Maj. Gen'l W.T. Sherman, U.S.A.; Stereograph: Portrait of General William Tecumseh Sherman., William Tecumseh Sherman (8 Feb. 1820-14 Feb. 1891) Became the military governor of Memphis when the Union Army captured it in 1862. He became commander of the Department of the Army of the Tennessee in 1863 when General Grant took command of the West. When Grant was made general in chief of all Union armies in March 1864, Sherman became commander of the Military Division of the Mississippi, head of all military operations in the West. Well known for his philosophy of psychological warfare and property destruction, with his soldiers living off the land and destroying anything associated with slavery and the Confederate war effort across Georgia and the Carolinas.

: Maj. Gen. Geo. B. McClellan and wife; Stereograph: Portrait of McClellan standing behind his seated wife., George McClellan (December 3, 1826-October 29, 1885), Was a major general for the Union Army during the Civil War. McClellan organized the Army of the Potomac and served as the general-in-chief of the Union Army from November 1861 to March 1862 when he was relieved of command by President Lincoln. McClellan was the Democratic Presidential candidate in the 1864 election, losing to the incumbent Republican, Abraham Lincoln. After the Civil War, he served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey from 1878 to 1881.

: Maj. Gen. Ord, wife and child at the mansion formerly occupied by Jeff. Davis, Richmond, Va. In the doorway is the table upon which the surrender of Gen. Lee was signed; Stereograph: Family portrait of General Ord and his wife and child., Edward Otho Cresap Ord (18 Oct. 1818-22 July 1883) Graduated from West Point in 1839. General in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War. He is known for defeating Confederate�James E.�B. Stuart and playing a significant role in the final battles around Petersburg. Ord also witnessed the surrender of Robert E. Lee at Appomattox.

: Maj. Gen. Sherman and staff. This view was taken in the trenches before Atlanta, Ga.; Stereograph: Major General Sherman and staff standing around a cannon near Atlanta, Georgia., William Tecumseh Sherman (8 Feb. 1820-14 Feb. 1891) Became the military governor of Memphis when the Union Army captured it in 1862. He became commander of the Department of the Army of the Tennessee in 1863 when General Grant took command of the West. When Grant was made general in chief of all Union armies in March 1864, Sherman became commander of the Military Division of the Mississippi, head of all military operations in the West. Well known for his philosophy of psychological warfare and property destruction, with his soldiers living off the land and destroying anything associated with slavery and the Confederate war effort across Georgia and the Carolinas.

: Maj. Gen. W. T. Sherman and horse. This view was taken in the trenches before Atlanta, Ga.; Stereograph: Major General W. T. Sherman and horse near Atlanta, Georgia., William Tecumseh Sherman (8 Feb. 1820-14 Feb. 1891) Became the military governor of Memphis when the Union Army captured it in 1862. He became commander of the Department of the Army of the Tennessee in 1863 when General Grant took command of the West. When Grant was made general in chief of all Union armies in March 1864, Sherman became commander of the Military Division of the Mississippi, head of all military operations in the West. Well known for his philosophy of psychological warfare and property destruction, with his soldiers living off the land and destroying anything associated with slavery and the Confederate war effort across Georgia and the Carolinas.

: Major Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock; Stereograph: Portrait of Major General Winfield Scott Hancock., Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786-May 29, 1866) served as a General in the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, and the American Civil War on the Union side. A member of the Whig party, he ran an unsuccessful campaign for as the Whig nominee for President of the United States in 1852.

: Major-General W.F. Smith, (Baldy Smith) Commander of the 6th Corps. This view was taken near Malvern Hill, during the 'seven days' fight' in 1862; Stereograph: Group portrait of General Smith with other soldiers., William Farrar Smith (17 Feb. 1824-28 Feb. 1903) Officer in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War who attained the rank of major general. Well known for opening the famous 'cracker line,'�a route by which rations, like hardtack, were brought to the Union army via the Tennessee River then overland from Brown's Ferry. Also known for being demoted after writing a letter to Abraham Lincoln complaining about the campaign plans of his superior, Ambrose E. Burnside.

: Moseby [Mosby] and his gang of guerillas; Stereograph: Studio portrait of 17 men, including John Mosby (in plumed hat). Inscribed on verso: 'Moseby and his gang of guerillas', John Singleton Mosby (6 Dec. 1833-30 May 1916) Cavalry officer in the Confederate Army during the U.S. Civil War. Conducted guerrilla operations behind Union lines in northern Virginia, operating in a region referred to as 'Mosby's Confederacy.' The command provided�Robert E. Lee�with valuable intelligence information, seized hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of federal material, and captured thousands of enemy troops. Mosby never surrendered, disbanding the battalion on 21 April 1865, twelve days after Lee surrendered at Appomattox.

: [Ulysses S. Grant.]; Stereograph: U.S. Grant, standing., Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822-July 23, 1885) Graduated from West Point in June 1843 and served with Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War from 1845-1847. Grant resigned from the Army in April 1854 and rejoined the Army in 1860 at the outset of the Civil War by organizing a volunteer infantry company in Galena, Illinois. In 1862 he was promoted to the rank of Major General. Following Grant's capture of Vicksburg in 1863, Tennessee, Lincoln promoted him to the rank of lieutenant general and appointed him general in chief of all Union armies. After the Civil War, he served as interim Secretary of War under President Andrew Johnson from 1867 to 1868. Grant was elected President of the United States in 1868 and was reelected in 1872.

: [Unidentified officers and a civilian in front of a tent]; Stereograph: Unidentified officers and a civilian in front of a tent.