BOOK BEVIEWS [ 159 ] tures, partly loyalties, and constituency pressures. The author concludes that the Republican majority was more responsive to party considerations than to any other factor, and much more in tune with public sentiments and interests throughout the nation than is sometimes assumed. Dr. Cunningham sums up the Jefferson presidency, by and large, as an efficient and successful effort, under the strong leadership of a great chief executive, to redirect a governmental system set in motion by Federalists to the service of an expanding republican society. Not surprisingly, but in the same undramatic way he advances his claims for Jefferson, Dr. Cunningham sets his sights on James Sterling Young's widely used interpretation of The Washington Community, 1800-1828 (1966). Young's characterization of Jeffersonian government as stymied by an excessive preoccupation with the separation of powers, by weak and ineffective party attachments, and by a general popular indifference to developments in the nation's isolated capital, Dr. Cunningham maintains, is simply not supported by the evidence. If anything, his eagerness to dispute Young's view of the Jeffersonian polity leads him to perhaps an overly favorable and uncritical acceptance of the governmental process he is depicting, at least as it operated under Jefferson in contrast to his successors. There are intriguing references to President Jefferson's decision to acquire Louisiana, to his personal involvement in the prosecution of Burr, and to his end-of- term handling of the embargo issue, for example, that lend themselves to the conclusion that Dr. Cunningham is partial to his Jeffersonians. Nonetheless, rooted as it is in a fresh and diligent examination of the sources, this book presents a useful and instructive addition to the ongoing effort to establish the precise nature and significance of Jefferson's Revolution of 1800. john w. pbatt, State University of New York at Stony Brook THE CHALLENGE TO URBAN LIBERALISM: FEDERAL-CITY RELATIONS DURING WORLD WAR II By Philip J. Funigiello. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1978. Pp. xx, 273; intro., tables, epilogue, biblio. essay, index. $13.50.) As in his earlier study, Toward a National Power Policy: The New Deal and the Electric Utility Industry, 1933-1941 (1973), Philip J. Funigiello in The Challenge to Urban Liberalism focuses on public policy-making and demonstrates anew his command of bureaucratic, congressional, and presidential politics. Specifically, Funigiello analyzes Franklin D. Roosevelt's policy of federal-state-municipal relations for conducting the war. "Cooperative federalism" as Funigiello calls this policy, sought to bring the states and cities into the belated mobilization program quickly and efficiendy by sharing federal control over domestic programs. For ideological and prag-